{"componentChunkName":"component---src-templates-post-tsx","path":"/photograph-partial-solar-eclipse","result":{"data":{"markdownRemark":{"html":"<p>六天前我拍了一组日偏食的照片，这里简单记录一下我是怎么拍的以及反思。</p>\n<h2>准备</h2>\n<p>我在<a href=\"https://nadc.china-vo.org/eclipse/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">国家天文科学数据中心</a>的网站上查询到了我所在地区的精确到秒的日食开始和结束时间。\n这里还可以查到未来的日食的覆盖范围和日期，但都不在中国境内。</p>\n<p>器材方面，我用的相机是佳能的 EOS R，镜头是 RF 70-200 mm ƒ/2.8 L USM。\n我在日食的前两天从淘宝上下单了 NiSi 的 77 mm 的 ND 1000 滤镜。\n挑选这款滤镜的原因只是因为它便宜，我暂时还没有 77 mm 口径的大光圈镜头，所以可能这是我唯一一次用它。</p>\n<h2>拍摄</h2>\n<p>拍摄时使用 M 档，以保证每张照片都具有相同的曝光，我用的设置是 ISO 100、光圈 ƒ/32\n（你没看错！这支大三元之一的镜头的最小光圈可以如此之小），快门速度是 1/4000 秒，焦距是 200 mm。</p>\n<p>我并没有把相机一直对准太阳（原因后面会讲），而是在路边找了一个咖啡店，定了一个每隔四分钟就会响的闹钟，闹钟响的时候我就拿着相机出门拍两张（为了保证容错）。在等待拍摄的过程中，我会把照片导入到 Adobe Lightroom Classic 做一下必要的裁剪和后处理。</p>\n<p><span\n      class=\"gatsby-resp-image-wrapper\"\n      style=\"position: relative; display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 590px; \"\n    >\n      <a\n    class=\"gatsby-resp-image-link\"\n    href=\"/static/e3c16475c218bca14b4eaec741fed917/c2d13/solar-eclipse-in-lightroom.png\"\n    style=\"display: block\"\n    target=\"_blank\"\n    rel=\"noopener\"\n  >\n    <span\n    class=\"gatsby-resp-image-background-image\"\n    style=\"padding-bottom: 53.37837837837838%; position: relative; bottom: 0; left: 0; background-image: url('data:image/png;base64,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'); background-size: cover; display: block;\"\n  ></span>\n  <img\n        class=\"gatsby-resp-image-image\"\n        alt=\"Solar Eclipse in Lightroom\"\n        title=\"Solar Eclipse in Lightroom\"\n        src=\"/static/e3c16475c218bca14b4eaec741fed917/fcda8/solar-eclipse-in-lightroom.png\"\n        srcset=\"/static/e3c16475c218bca14b4eaec741fed917/12f09/solar-eclipse-in-lightroom.png 148w,\n/static/e3c16475c218bca14b4eaec741fed917/e4a3f/solar-eclipse-in-lightroom.png 295w,\n/static/e3c16475c218bca14b4eaec741fed917/fcda8/solar-eclipse-in-lightroom.png 590w,\n/static/e3c16475c218bca14b4eaec741fed917/efc66/solar-eclipse-in-lightroom.png 885w,\n/static/e3c16475c218bca14b4eaec741fed917/c83ae/solar-eclipse-in-lightroom.png 1180w,\n/static/e3c16475c218bca14b4eaec741fed917/c2d13/solar-eclipse-in-lightroom.png 2560w\"\n        sizes=\"(max-width: 590px) 100vw, 590px\"\n        style=\"width:100%;height:100%;margin:0;vertical-align:middle;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n      />\n  </a>\n    </span></p>\n<h2>后处理</h2>\n<p>200 mm 的焦距虽然足够长，但是并不能把太阳充满整张照片，所以需要后期裁剪。\n同时，我应用了镜头配置文件对照片进行校正，以保证把太阳放在画面的不同位置都不会出现变形。\n最后得到了 53 张照片。</p>\n<p>成片并不是多重曝光的结果，而是用 Adobe Photoshop 合成的。合成的方法也很简单：</p>\n<ol>\n<li>把调整好的照片批量导出为 JPEG；</li>\n<li>把照片全部拖入 Adobe Photoshop 中；</li>\n<li>对所有照片图层应用「发光」处理效果；</li>\n<li>画一条直线；</li>\n<li>把照片按直线依次排放；</li>\n<li>隐藏直线；</li>\n<li>加上字；</li>\n<li>导出。</li>\n</ol>\n<p>这 8 个步骤大约花了一个小时的时间。</p>\n<p><span\n      class=\"gatsby-resp-image-wrapper\"\n      style=\"position: relative; display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 590px; \"\n    >\n      <a\n    class=\"gatsby-resp-image-link\"\n    href=\"/static/f72489b4513605a49ae8e0410e35df9d/6149e/solar-eclipse-in-photoshop.png\"\n    style=\"display: block\"\n    target=\"_blank\"\n    rel=\"noopener\"\n  >\n    <span\n    class=\"gatsby-resp-image-background-image\"\n    style=\"padding-bottom: 60.13513513513513%; position: relative; bottom: 0; left: 0; background-image: url('data:image/png;base64,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'); background-size: cover; display: block;\"\n  ></span>\n  <img\n        class=\"gatsby-resp-image-image\"\n        alt=\"Solar Eclipse in Photoshop\"\n        title=\"Solar Eclipse in Photoshop\"\n        src=\"/static/f72489b4513605a49ae8e0410e35df9d/fcda8/solar-eclipse-in-photoshop.png\"\n        srcset=\"/static/f72489b4513605a49ae8e0410e35df9d/12f09/solar-eclipse-in-photoshop.png 148w,\n/static/f72489b4513605a49ae8e0410e35df9d/e4a3f/solar-eclipse-in-photoshop.png 295w,\n/static/f72489b4513605a49ae8e0410e35df9d/fcda8/solar-eclipse-in-photoshop.png 590w,\n/static/f72489b4513605a49ae8e0410e35df9d/efc66/solar-eclipse-in-photoshop.png 885w,\n/static/f72489b4513605a49ae8e0410e35df9d/c83ae/solar-eclipse-in-photoshop.png 1180w,\n/static/f72489b4513605a49ae8e0410e35df9d/6149e/solar-eclipse-in-photoshop.png 2784w\"\n        sizes=\"(max-width: 590px) 100vw, 590px\"\n        style=\"width:100%;height:100%;margin:0;vertical-align:middle;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n      />\n  </a>\n    </span></p>\n<h2>反思</h2>\n<p>整理来说，我对流程还是很不满意的，虽然也有很多朋友觉得我拍得不错。</p>\n<p>器材方面并没有不满意。实际上我发现拍摄日食用一个 APS-C 甚至 M4/3 画幅的机器配合一个长焦镜头也足够了。重点是如何挑选合适的减光镜。</p>\n<p>我使用的 ND 1000 是远远不够的，想要以常用的光圈范围拍摄日食，至少需要 ND 100,000 的滤镜。\n但 ND 镜并不能防止紫外线和红外线对相机 CMOS 的损伤，所以最好还是买太阳滤镜或者<ruby>巴德膜<rp>(</rp><rt>Baader filter</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>。这篇博文列出了一个改在何种情况下使用何种程度的减光镜：<a href=\"https://zetaspace.win/eclipse-nd-exposure-value/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">拍日食減光鏡到底該選多少？ 減光鏡快門換算表</a>。</p>\n<p>个人防护方面，我没有带防晒霜和墨镜。\n当天的阳光实在是太强烈了，天空中万里无云。\n起初我是在一个花圃架下拍摄，但待了二十分钟就感觉太晒了，眼睛也受不了，所以才转移到路边的咖啡厅。\n下次类似的拍摄一定要带好这两样东西。</p>","frontmatter":{"title":"Photograph Partial Solar Eclipse","date":"June 27, 2020","tags":["photography","hobby"],"language":"zh-Hans"}},"site":{"siteMetadata":{"title":"Luyu Cheng"}}},"pageContext":{"id":"efce488c-ac18-53c0-a534-936ebeaf3e41"}},"staticQueryHashes":["3649515864","63159454","684267432"]}